Microbe Bacteria DIOXIN Remediation

this was a @EPA and @DeptofDefense funded research project in Vietnam for Dioxin and Agent Orange remediation/soil reclamation. aka the EPA knows there are solutions avail to help in the #OhioChernobyl https://t.co/mMcCJWgnfg

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

 Ohio Trainwreck Bioremediation Soil Treatment Research

JOINT STUDY OF BIOREMEDIATION AT PILOT SCALE FOR DETOXIFICATION OF HERBICIDE/DIOXIN IN DA NANG HOT SPOT, VIETNAM

Dang TCH1, Allen H2, Nguyen BH1, Fong V2, Dam TH1, Nguyen NQ1, Nguyen QH1, Phung KHC3, Dao TNA1 

Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST);  

US Environment Protection Agency (EPA); Military Institute of Chemical and Environmental Research, MOD Vietnam

https://dioxin20xx.org/wp-content/uploads/pdfs/2010/10-1689.pdf

Introduction

Biodegradation of tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been reported in the scientific literature, in the laboratory, and in pilot studies. From 1999 to 2009, Vietnamese researchers conducted several studies to detoxify heavily contaminated soil in the former Da Nang military base1

. 

Full-scale bioremediation of 3,384 m3 of dioxin contaminated soil was demonstrated in Bien Hoa, Vietnam, in 2009. Several international scientific work groups have concluded that bioremediation is the most environmentally responsible and cost-effective remedy for cleaning up Agent Orange residues at the former air bases in Vietnam.

More than 30 years after the US-Vietnam War, spilled Agent Orange defoliant solution containing traces of the dioxins, TCDD and octachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD), 2,4,5-T, 2,4-D, and chlorophenols (TCP and DCP) remains in the soil and in lake sediment affected by contaminated soil, which had been carried by runoff from the former military airbase in Da Nang2 . Natural attenuation of the herbicides and dioxins has not been effective in detoxifying the soil or sediment. 

This first joint study by Vietnamese and American researchers was conducted to

demonstrate whether the soil in Da Nang can be bioremediated effectively using aerobic or anaerobic microbial processes. This study also sought to provide engineering design guidance to support the selection of either an aerobic or an anaerobic amendment recipe and an operating strategy to optimize biological treatment. 

Conclusions Aerobic bioremediation is capable of significantly reducing TCDD toxicity (p=0.0026). Bioaugmentation with small amounts of treated soil or contaminated sediment may be effective for anaerobic treatment. However, if suitable growth conditions are provided, the indigenous microbes in the mixed soil and sediment at Da Nang appear capable of degrading TCDD without adding another source of microbes. Anaerobic bioremediation rate is about half the rate of aerobic treatment, but the results are not as significant (p=0.25). From our of point active landfill containing both aerobic and anaerobic degradation become feasible resolution for detoxification of heavy herbicide/dioxin in full scale in Vietnam. 

Bioremediation is recognized as a “Green Technology,” which has a very low energy requirement and produces few emissions. Bioremediation is a permanent solution which produces a soil which can be returned to beneficial use. Knowledge gained from this project by both Vietnamese and US scientists will allow for design of customized recipes suitable for addressing dioxin and other persistent organic pollution problems throughout Vietnam and elsewhere 

@EPA Own Publications explained how to deal with #Ohio Chemical Incineration > U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Dioxin Treatment Technologies Background Paper, OTA-BP-O-93 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government printing Office) pic.twitter.com/2VDdPloAYg

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

This type of Incinerator is very similar to the #Downdraft #Gasifer Offgrid Hot Water and Hot Air system I designed and shared months ago. https://t.co/Im01RKt8uo pic.twitter.com/jGsSxS4aor

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

#OhioChernobyl Research Files https://t.co/h1F8Khg5h6 to cleanup the #chemicals

This research paper from 1991 from the EPA CluIn Files for #Dioxin Incineration System provides a Diagram source file:
Dioxin Treatment Technologies
November 1991 OTA-BP-O-93 NTIS order PB92-152511 pic.twitter.com/VPsyW4ZqW1

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration

#Dioxin remediation research. #OhioChernobyl > Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration 100 ton/day rotary kiln incinerator in processing soil contaminated with dioxins and other hazardous constituents of Herbicide Orange. https://t.co/upbFQtt2ha

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

@Elastec could the exhause heat generated by an inceneratior be used to spin a turbine of sorts to generate the electricity needed for a incenerator?

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

 Full-Scale Incineration System Demonstration at the Naval Battalion Construction Center, Gulfport, Mississippi

Air Force Engineering and Services Center, ESL-TR-89-39, 1991
Cook, J.A., D.J. Haley, et al.

The overall goal of the project was to determine the cost and effectiveness of a 100 ton/day rotary kiln incinerator in processing soil contaminated with dioxins and other hazardous constituents of Herbicide Orange.

Vol 1: Project Summary

Vol 2: Part 1 - Contains the final report on the trial burns

Vol 2: Part 2 - Contains Appendices A-H

Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 1

Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 2

Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 3

Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 4

Vol 3: Treatability Tests, Part 5

Vol 4: Incinerator Operations

Vol 5: Incinerator Availability

Vol 6: Soil Excavation

Vol 7: Project Management/Site Services

Vol 8: Delisting

This research paper from 1991 from the EPA Clu-In Files for Dioxin Incineration System provides a Diagram source file: 

Dioxin Treatment Technologies

November 1991

OTA-BP-O-93

NTIS order #PB92-152511

https://clu-in.org/download/contaminantfocus/dioxins/Dioxin-Treatment-Technologies-OTA-9116.pdf

Dioxin Treatment Technologies

November 1991

OTA-BP-O-93

NTIS order #PB92-152511

https://clu-in.org/download/contaminantfocus/dioxins/Dioxin-Treatment-Technologies-OTA-9116.pdf

 

LIQUID INJECTION INCINERATION TECHNOLOGY Liquid injection (LI) is not currently available for dioxin treatment, but it has been used aboard ships for ocean-based incineration of Agent Orange. It is also employed in many industrial and manufacturing sectors for treatment of hazardous organic and inorganic wastes. As shown in figure 2-3, the typical LI incinerator consists of a burner, two combustion chambers (primary and secondary), a quench chamber, a scrubber, and a stack. Vertical LI incinerators are preferred for treating liquid waste rich in organics and salts (and therefore ash) because the incinerator unit can be used as its own stack to facilitate the handling of generated ash. Portions of the vertical LI unit can also be used as a secondary combustion chamber. The horizontally shaped LI units are connected to a tall stack and are preferred for treating liquid waste that generates less ash. In both systems, the use of external waste storage and blending tanks helps maintain the waste in a homogeneous form and at a steady flow.37 Some of the limitations that must be considered before applying LI incineration to dioxin destruction include the following: ● ● ● LI systems are applicable only to combustible low-viscosity liquids and slurries that can be pumped; waste must be atomized prior to injection into the combustor; and particle size is critical because burners are susceptible to clogging at the nozzles.3

@EPA Own Publications explained how to deal with #Ohio Chemical Incineration > U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Dioxin Treatment Technologies Background Paper, OTA-BP-O-93 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government printing Office) pic.twitter.com/2VDdPloAYg

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

This type of Incinerator is very similar to the #Downdraft #Gasifer Offgrid Hot Water and Hot Air system I designed and shared months ago. https://t.co/Im01RKt8uo pic.twitter.com/jGsSxS4aor

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 26, 2023

Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins

Plants As Water Protectors for Toxic Cleanup. @EPA @EPAregion7 @DOESBIR I have solutions to help clean the #OhioTrainDisaster Water Issues. Why is it so hard to work w/ your organizations??? https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution : Phytoremediation of Contaminants > Dioxins End Disposal Options

Heat Treatment is proven to work with Temps above 1200deg. https://t.co/jXoYlPTuTq? pic.twitter.com/2K24TZkumm

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

@cureworks @Grow_Fruit_Fl @GypsyMajik1122 @EPAregion7 @EPA @DOESBIR @NHLBI_SBIR > Tell me why this cannot be done? Is it too simple? The #pollutionsolutions are available. lets get to work and cleanup the chemicals destroying our planet. https://t.co/McBKm8OY00

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Here is what I DO NOT understand about the #EPA.

They have and list all these solutions to the problems on their own websites and do not use their own published science articles.

Who is the @EPA @EPAregion7 really trying to HELP? https://t.co/jXoYlPTuTq

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

 

Dioxins

Treatment Technologies

When cleanup began at the Times Beach, Missouri Superfund site in the 1980s, rotary kiln incineration was the only fully demonstrated, commercially available and permitted technology for cleaning up dioxin in soil. Since then, additional remediation technologies for the cleanup of dioxin-contaminated soil and sediments have been researched and developed, but several of the accepted techniques still rely on thermal destruction, which is energy intensive. Heat-based destruction techniques for treating dioxin-contaminated soil and debris include incineration, thermal desorption, and vitrification. Incineration at temperatures above 1200°C is considered the most effective way of destroying dioxins. Thermal desorption, which operates at lower temperature range to vaporize dioxins, is also commonly used. A large-scale cleanup was completed in 2018 at the Bien Hoa Airport in Danang, Vietnam where nearly 95,000 m3 were excavated and treated with thermal desorption (USAID, 2018). Vitrification is largely a stabilization technique that uses very high temperatures to melt contaminated soil. When subsequently cooled, it forms a glassy mass that traps contaminants and reduces their mobility.  

Phyto Rafts Water Pollution CleanUP

 Plants as Water Protectors Phytoremediation Raft Design by Scotty

THE POLLUTION SOLUTION SPECIALIZES IN TECHNIQUES AND SERVICES FOR NATURALLY INSPIRED AND COST EFFECTIVE REMOVAL AND REMEDIATION OF TOXINS AND CONTAMINANTS FROM AIR, SOIL, AND WATER.
We are The Pollution Solution

@realstewpeters There are solutions that are not being discussed. The @EPA knows about #PhytoremediationRafts they used them in Chicago and other places #ohioriver #chicagoriver https://t.co/IKCuiJS8bt

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

Plants As Water Protectors for Toxic Cleanup. @EPA @EPAregion7 @DOESBIR I have solutions to help clean the #OhioTrainDisaster Water Issues. Why is it so hard to work w/ your organizations??? https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution Call for Assistance Invitation To the World - I just added an invitation for anyone who wants to help clean the pollution up on our planet. https://t.co/rCfY0d7YnE

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

The Pollution Solution : Phyto Rafts Water Pollution CleanUP - Even the Bottom of the Streams and Rivers Can be Remediated https://t.co/FGeXgQm8Fk? #ohioriver #phytoremediaiton #phytoraft #WaterPollution #CleanWater pic.twitter.com/khdt9Cgq9I

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023

@Grow_Fruit_Fl @GypsyMajik1122 The water and bottoms of the Ohio River and Streams can be cleaned up. Don't Let Anyone Tell You its a lost cause. https://t.co/lI3ogWMtMo

— systembuster (@stlsystembuster) February 24, 2023